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History 2111E: The United States to 1877
MWF 9-9:50, University 350


Instructor: Dr. John Hayes (jhayes22@gru.edu; 706-248-3391)
Office: Allgood E209
Office Hours: MF 11-12; Th 3-4

This course offers a basic introduction to U.S. history, from colonial beginnings to the end of Reconstruction. We will tell a fast-paced, winding story, slowing down to zoom in on two formative events: the Revolution and the Civil War. Throughout the story, but especially in analyzing these pivotal moments, we will be asking what the past can tell us about the present. Stories of beginnings, and of crisis moments, usually reveal a lot about the nature of something. What can the Revolution and the Civil War, set in the context of a longer story, tell us about the complexities, ironies, and limitations of the United States that we presently live and move in?

Class sessions are a mixture of discussion and lecture, with occasional viewing of relevant films. In the discussion portion of class (typically the first 20 minutes), you need to be ready to talk about the assigned reading for that day. During the lecture (typically the latter 30 minutes), you need to listen closely and attentively to an episode in the story, taking thorough notes and interacting with the professor. Class sessions are extremely important—your only work outside the classroom is to read for class and study for the three exams. Being “on” in class is the heart of doing well in the course.

Note: The telling of history is a subjective exercise, reflecting the beliefs, biases, interests, and background of the person doing the telling. What you will get in this course, therefore, is Dr. Hayes’ version of U.S. history. There is ample time in each class session to challenge or critique the version of the story that I am giving you: don’t hesitate to speak up for yourself and your point of view. I encourage it.

 

Course Requirements:

1. Syllabus: Bring this syllabus to class every day. We will consult it often.

2. Attendance: Simply showing up is the foundation for doing well in the class. In the course of the semester, you can miss 4 class sessions without penalty. Every absence after 4 automatically deducts 3 points from your final grade (7 total absences would subtract 9 points from your final grade, for example). I do not differentiate between “excused” and “unexcused” absences—except in extreme cases of a death in the family, a long-term illness, or something of similar magnitude, in which case you should notify me. This policy is not flexible, so make sure you understand it at the outset.

3. Make-Ups/Missed Class: If you miss class, it is up to you to find out what you missed, and how you can make it up. Talk to me, or to another student, so that you can get caught up.

4. Taking Attendance: I will call roll for the first few weeks of class. After that, an attendance sheet will be passed around at the beginning of each class session. Make sure that you sign the sheet, especially if you arrive late, or you will be counted as absent for the day.
5. Classroom Manners: No eating or drinking in the classroom. No texting or Internet use. When another member of the class—the professor, or another student—is speaking, no one else should be speaking. Students who leave early will be marked absent.

6. Class Participation: You are expected to be an engaged, active member of the class. After each class period, I will make notes on who made good comments (speaking simply for the sake of speaking does not count as making good comments). I will also note who spent the period texting, staring into space, dozing off, etc. The sum total of these notes will determine your class participation grade: good comments 75% of the class periods or more (A), 50-75% (B), 25-50% (C), 1-25% (D), no participation (F).

7. Quizzes: I will give approximately 10 quizzes throughout the semester, based on the readings. They will typically consist of 5 questions and are designed to get at the basic points in what you have read. They are always given at the beginning of class.

8. Exams: There are three exams for the class, evenly spaced throughout the semester. They cover anything that is common property of the class: lecture, slide, reading, film, discussion point. They are all multiple-choice, with 75-100 questions. They are not cumulative.

9. Books and Reading: There is no overarching textbook for the class. Rather, we will read 4 more specific types of book: a memoir, a biography, a monograph, and an edited collection. All are available in the campus bookstore. You are expected to buy the 4 books, and to read them on the assigned schedule. You are welcome to buy the books through online merchants, but do not get caught empty-handed. The campus bookstore will not keep the books on its shelves after about a month into the semester. Read the assigned portions of the books closely and carefully, marking in the book and making notes in the margins. Come to class prepared to talk about what you read, and what you think of it. Bring the book to class if we are discussing it that day, and be ready to locate specific places in the book during the class discussion.

Mary Rowlandson, The Sovereignty and Goodness of God ($18.25 new/$13.70 used)
Terry Alford, Prince Among Slaves ($16.95 new/$12.75 used)
James Martin and Mark Lender, A Respectable Army ($21.60 new/$16.20 used)
Stephen Ash, ed., Secessionists and Other Scoundrels ($19.95 new/$15 used)

10. Desire2Learn: All slides from class (arranged in PowerPoint presentations, matching the syllabus lecture titles) are on the course Desire2Learn site. Review them as you study for the exams. Nothing else—no grades, not even the syllabus—is on the site.

Grades:

  1. Quizzes: 10%
  2. Class Participation: 15%
  3. First Exam: 25%
  4. Second Exam: 25%
  5. Final Exam: 25%

 

I. The Colonial Era
In the early 17th century, the small island nation of England started establishing colonies on the Atlantic coast of North America. By the mid 18th century, these colonies were part of a prosperous trading empire that spanned thousands of miles and connected three continents. In this British Empire, native peoples of America were displaced, and wealthy colonists bought West African slaves to be their labor force. By the 1760s, however, some of these wealthy colonists were soaking up new ideas from British writers—ideas that, by 1775, informed their open rebellion against the British government.

W 1/9: Introduction
F 1/11: What is History?

M 1/14: 17th Century England; discuss Rowlandson, Sovereignty 7t-10m
W 1/16: Anglicans and Puritans; discuss Rowlandson, Sovereignty 63-77b
F 1/18: Virginia and the South; discuss Rowlandson, Sovereignty 77b-91

W 1/23: Massachusetts and New England; discuss Rowlandson, Sovereignty 92-112
F 1/25: watch “After the Mayflower”

M 1/28: Native American Displacements; discuss Rowlandson, Sovereignty 1-5t, 10b-35m
W 1/30: 18th Century West Africa; discuss Alford, Prince 3-9m
F 2/1: The Rise of African Slavery; discuss Alford, Prince 9m-19

M 2/4: The Beginnings of Race; discuss Alford, Prince 20-29t
W 2/6: The Imperial System; discuss Alford, Prince 29t-38
F 2/8: Men and Women in Colonial America; discuss Rowlandson, Sovereignty 35m, 38m-55b

M 2/11: Republicanism; discuss Martin and Lender, Respectable 5b-14m
W 2/13: Crisis in the Empire; discuss Martin and Lender, Respectable 14m-16t, 20t-26b, 1-3m
F 2/15: First Exam

II. The American Revolution and the Early National Era
Inspired by republicanism, many prominent colonists engaged in a war for independence from Britain. After a long and divisive war, with many ironies and surprises, independence was secured, and a new republic was established. This new republic saw radical transformations in the name of liberty. It also saw continuations of old patterns, and new forms of hierarchy and inequality.

M 2/18: Revolution Begins; discuss Martin and Lender, Respectable 3m-5b, 29-38
W 2/20: Almost Losing the Revolution; discuss Martin and Lender, Respectable 39-63
F 2/22: Deviations from the Republican Script; discuss Martin and Lender, Respectable 65-83m,         87m-98

M 2/25: Revolutionary Surprises; discuss Martin and Lender, Respectable 100-104m, 111t-135
W 2/27: Sustaining the Revolution; discuss Martin and Lender, Respectable 148m-171
F 3/1: Building a National Government; discuss Martin and Lender, Respectable 173-201t, 205

M 3/4: watch “A New Eden”
W 3/6: Nationalism; discuss Alford, Prince 39-65
F 3/8: The Rise of the Baptists and Methodists; discuss Alford, Prince 66-90m

M 3/11: Democratic Expansion; discuss Alford, Prince 90m-111
W 3/13: watch “Trail of Tears”
F 3/15: Domesticity and Women’s Rights; discuss Alford, Prince 112-141

M 3/18: Industrial and Commercial Transformations; discuss Alford, Prince 142-164
W 3/20: Abolitionism and Free Labor; discuss Alford, Prince 165-187
F 3/22: Second Exam

III. The Civil War and Reconstruction
As the republic expanded and prospered, people in different regions became increasingly divided in their visions for its future. Ultimately, in 1860-61, eleven southern states seceded from the US and formed their own new republic. The US fought this republic, and after four years of war, defeated it. In the revolutionary moment of the war, slavery was abolished throughout the US. The Reconstruction years focused on what a South without slavery could look like—even as the West became a new theater of conquest, and the North witnessed the beginnings of industrial control and labor militance.

M 3/25: National Expansion
W 3/27: Regional Tension and Political Crisis
F 3/29: Secession and the Creation of the Confederacy; discuss Ash, Secessionists 11-39m

M 4/1: War and Citizen-Soldier Armies; discuss Ash, Secessionists 39m-67m
W 4/3: The Route to Immediate Emancipation; discuss Ash, Secessionists 67m-95m
F 4/5: Transformed War, Transformed Armies; discuss Ash, Secessionists 95m-123m

M 4/15: watch “Glory” excerpt
W 4/17: Ending the War, Ending Slavery; discuss Ash, Secessionists 123m-150
F 4/19: The Rationale of Reconstruction

M 4/22: watch “Little Big Man” excerpt
W 4/24: Reconstruction Politics
F 4/26: watch “The Molly Maguires” excerpt

M 4/29: The Undoing of Reconstruction
W 5/1: discuss Thinking Historically About the United States

Final Exam Wednesday, May 9 at 7am